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The surname Fitzpatrick is the known translation of at least two different surnames: Mac Giolla Phádraig and Ó Maol Phádraig from the original Irish to English.〔The Fitzpatrick - Mac Giolla Phádraig Clan Society, http://www.fitzsoc.com/〕 Currently, it is ranked as the 60th most common surname in Ireland with an estimated 12,700 individuals bearing the name.〔(''A Survey of Irish Surnames 1992-97'' ) by Sean J Murphy, p. 28.〕 While both ''Mac Giolla Phádraig'' and ''Ó Maol Phádraig'' have similar meanings, they are likely unrelated; yet both have arrived in the modern era as ''Fitzpatrick''. Despite the prefix ''"Fitz-"'', Fitzpatrick is not a name of Hiberno-Norman descent.〔Edward MacLysaght, ''Guide to Irish Surnames'' (1965)〕〔Fitzpatrick-Mac Giolla Phádraig Clan Society website: http://fitzsoc.com/Fitzpatrick%20Clan%20Society/index.html〕 ==History and Origins== (詳細はGiolla Phádraig (meaning "the devotee of Patrick") was a tenth century king of Ossory, a kingdom in between Munster and Leinster in Ireland. According to William Carrigan, this kingdom was founded by Aengus Osrithe who flourished some time about the latter half of the 2nd century of the Christian era. Giolla Phádraig's reign commenced some eight centuries later in 976 AD and he reigned until he was slain in 996 AD.〔Annals of Ulster 996.2〕 His sons were subsequently styled ''Mac Giolla Phádraig'' (meaning, ''son of Giolla Phádraig''). By far the most important branch of the sept is the Mac Giolla Phádraig family whose chief was known as Baron Upper Ossory. At one time he was royal ruler over the Kingdom of Ossory (today comprising County Kilkenny and the western half of neighboring Laois). Following the Norman invasion in the late twelfth century, their power was vastly diminished by the activity of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and later of the ascendancy of the Ormond Butlers and other Hiberno-Norman magnates. Although their patrimony was restricted to Upper Ossory, the Mac Giolla Phádraigs were by no means dispossessed of all their property. Brían Óg Mac Giolla Phádraig was the first Irish noble to accept the surrender and regrant terms of Henry VIII, and as a result in 1541, Brian became the first to assume the surname Fitzpatrick in place of Mac Gìolla Phádraig, for which he was created Baron Upper Ossory in the Irish House of Lords. In the 17th century, the Fitzpatricks lost considerable territory through their staunch support of James II. Nevertheless, the head of the sept received a peerage in 1714 as Baron Gowran which was elevated to Earl of Upper Ossory in 1751. A third title Baron Castletown was granted in 1869. Records from 1878 show that no less than 22,000 acres (89 km²) of the finest land in Ossory was owned by the family. There is also a considerable concentration of Fitzpatricks in the border counties of Ireland in County Cavan, Fermanagh, Monaghan, and County Leitrim. 〔http://www.genealogy.com/users/f/i/t/Colleen-Fitzpatrick-CA/ Fitzpatrick DNA Study overseen by forensic genealogist Dr. Colleen M. Fitzpatrick〕 These Fitzpatricks of the border counties are most likely the descendants of the Ó Maol Phádraigs (O'Mulpatrick)〔http://www.libraryireland.com/names/om/o-maolphadraig.php〕 who originated from Clogher in County Tyrone. Maolpadraig (Mulpatrick, Kilpatrick) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fitzpatrick (surname)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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